W hat is a microc ontroller ? A microcontroller is a small and low-cost microcomputer, which is designed to perform the specific tasks of embedded systems. The general microcontroller consists of the processor, the memory (RAM, ROM, EPROM), Serial ports, peripherals (timers, counters), etc. A microcontroller (MCU for microcontroller unit) is a small computer on a single metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) integrated circuit (IC) chip. A microcontroller contains one or more CPUs (processor cores) along with memory and programmable input/output peripherals.( wikipedia ). Types of Microcontrollers - Microcontrollers are divided into various categories based on memory, architecture, bits and instruction sets. Following is the list of their types − Bit Based on bit configuration, the microcontroller is further divided into three categories. 8-bit microcontroller − This type of microcontroller is used to execute arithmetic and logical operations like ad...